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ORIGINAL PAPER
Design and Development Trends in Modern Drilling Tools: A Review
1
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, 4 Prof. Z. Szafrana Street, 65-516 Zielona Gora, Poland
Submission date: 2026-01-30
Final revision date: 2026-03-19
Acceptance date: 2026-05-04
Online publication date: 2026-05-13
Corresponding author
Kamil Leksycki
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, 4 Prof. Z. Szafrana Street, 65-516 Zielona Gora, Poland
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, 4 Prof. Z. Szafrana Street, 65-516 Zielona Gora, Poland
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Drilling is one of the most common machining operations, and its capabilities are utilized on lathes, drilling machines, conventional milling machines, as well as various CNC machines. This paper provides an overview of modern drill bit designs and current trends in their development. The study considers twist drills, three-flute drills, drills with index able inserts, step drills, solid carbide drills, and other types of drills widely used in industry. The rationale for this review is to systematize knowledge of existing solutions and to highlight the factors affecting drill performance, including material, design, and manufacturing precision. The review identifies dominant development trends, research gaps, and technological challenges that require further investigation. Special attention is given to drill bit geometry, cutting parameters, and design modifications aimed at improving tool life, machining efficiency, and hole quality, as well as reducing production costs.
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