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ORIGINAL PAPER
Parametric Investigation of an Assessed Subcritical Dual-Pressure Evaporation Organic Rankine Cycles Based on Different Heat Source Temperatures
1
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia
2
Department of Crop Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia
These authors had equal contribution to this work
Submission date: 2025-09-05
Final revision date: 2026-01-24
Acceptance date: 2026-06-02
Online publication date: 2026-08-14
Corresponding author
Omid Rowshanaie
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
KEYWORDS
assessment processDual-pressure evaporation Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)maximum net power outputfirst and second law of efficiencies
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The dual-pressure evaporation Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) consists of two compression processes, two evaporation processes, and two expansion processes, and is becoming more prevalent than single-pressure evaporation ORCs due to its higher performance and maximum net power output. This study investigates different heat sources analysis in a simulated parametric dual-pressure evaporation ORC according to the assessment design process. The current dual-pressure evaporation ORC makes a comparison between R245fa, an old refrigerant, and R1233zd(E), a substitute for R245fa, as working fluids, paying attention to three water temperatures (100, 125, and 150 ºC) as a heat source to generate maximum net power output. Based on designing an assessment process for dual-pressure evaporation ORC at 100 °C and 125 °C heat sources, R1233zd(E) is compared with R245fa, revealing an improvement of 9.58 kW and 16.14 kW in maximum net power output. Furthermore, according to the first and second laws of efficiency, R1233zd(E) exhibits improvements of 0.09% and 0.56%, as well as 0.15% and 1.04%, respectively. The pressure rise in low and high-pressure compression processes, parallel with a higher exergy flow rate in evaporation processes of R1233zd(E), demonstrates a direct and positive influence with a maximum net power output. At 150 °C, the power generated by the lower-pressure turbine improved by 28.1 kW in R1233zd(E) compared with R245fa.
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